Permutation-padlock.



M. J, LOVETT.

PERMUTATION PADLOCK.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 8, 1914.

1,139,986. Patented May 18, 1915.

1y 1/ 1 A: w/ m 7 Z 6' [3 4Z\ 1 Z 44 Z QJZflUE/fi Inv tor A tto r n eysPERMUTATIONQPADLOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented. May 18, 1215.

Application filed January 8, 1914. Serial No. 811,067. 1

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, MORRIS J. Lovn'r'r, acitizen of the Randsburg, in the county of Kern and State of California,have invented a new and useful Permutation-Padlock, of which thefollowing is a specification.

The device forming the subject matter of this application is apermutation padlock and one object of the invention is to provide novelmeans for holding together, the cooperating parts of the case of thelock, the construction being such that the parts of the case can beseparated only when th shackle is in an unlocked position.

Another object of the invention is to provide a padlock of the typedescribed which may be operated in the dark, to effect the combination,by the sense of feeling only.

The invention aims, further, to provide novel means whereby a pair ofshiftable rings, used in setting up the combination, maybe moved uponthe'tumbler shaft and beheld in adjusted positions upon the tumblershaft.

It is within the scope of the invention to improve generally and toenhance the utility of, devices of that type to which the presentinvention appertains.

' With the above and other objects in view which will appear as thedescription proceeds, the invention resides in the combination andarrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter de-.scribed and claimed, it being understood that changes in the preciseembodiment of the invention herein disclosed can be made within thescope of what is claimed without departing from the spirit of theinvention. I

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 shows the invention inlongitudinal section, the cutting plane being passed between theconstituent parts of the lock casing, parts appearing in elevation; Fig.2 is a longitudinal section on the line 22 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is. a crosssection on the linev of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is an end elevation of the caseof the lock; Fig. 5 is an elevation of the shackle; Fig. 6 the shackleon the line '6-6 of Fig. 5'; Fig. 7 is a collective view illustratinginplan,

United States, residing atis a" cross section of the tumblers and thecombination rings, portions of certain of the tumblers being brokenaway.

In carrying out the invention there is provided a case which is denotedby the numeral 1. The case 1 comprises two 00- operating parts denotedby the numerals 2 and 3. These parts 2 and 3 are duplicates, saving inso far as specifically modified. The lock case 1 generally considered isprovided in its interior with a plurality of openings and chambers andas will be understood most clearly from Fig. "2, these openings andchambers li'e half and half in p the parts 2 and'3 of the case 1. j r

1 there is In the interior of v the case formed a tumbler chamber 4,reduced in 'di-. ameter to form a neck 5, terminating at one end of thecase 1 in-"a superficial annular recess 6. Extended into thejopnositeend of the case 1 1s a cylindrical passage 7 A detent chamber 8 extendstransversely of the case 1 and is prolonged parallelto the axis of thetumbler chamber 4, the detent A chamber .8 communicating with thepassage7 and with one side of the tumbler chamber. I

In the upper end ofthe cased there is formeda seat 9.

The distinguishing characteristics of; the. 1 are that the same isflpart 2 of the case in a correspondingly shaped recess in the studserving merely to aid in provided. with a projecting stud 10 receivedparts of the case; the part 2 being provided at the base ofthe passage"?with a radial extended verse grooves 12 in the part 2, in the tumblerchamber 1, the grooves 12 receiving tumbler brake springs 14,-preferably in the form of concaved, resilient strips; the part 2carrying a pivot stud 15 which projects into the detent chamber 8. Theparts 2 and 3 ofthe case 1 are held together by a removable'element,preferably taking, the

form of a screw 16, one side of which is flattened as shown at 17.

The shackle is denoted generally by the numeral 18 and comprises a shortarm 20 and a long arm 19. The longarm 19 of the shackle is mounted toslide longitudinally and" to rotate in the passage 7 and is cirproection 11; there being transcumscribed by a groove 21. In the lower endof the long arm 19 there is a longitudinal slot 22 adapted to receivethe projection 11. The end of the short arm 20 is adapted to be receivedin the seat 9 when the shackle 18 is in a locked position.

The invention further includes an angular detent 23 which is located inthe detent chamber 8. The detent 23 includes an upright arm 24 and atransverse arm 25 at the juncture of which is formed a head 26 in whichthe pivot stud 15 is received, the construction being such that thedetent is mounted to swing on the pivot stud. The inner edge of the head26 of the detent 23 is concaved to form a seat 27 adapted to re ceivethe bend of a U-shaped spring 28, one arm of which lies against the arm25 of the detent and is received terminally by a shoulder 29 in, the arm25, the other arm of which bears against the upper portion of the lockcase 1, as will be understood from Fig. 1. The extremity of the arm 25of the detent is received in the circumscribing groove 21 in the arm 19of the shackle.

Located in the neck 5 and in the tumbler chamber 4 is a shaft 30.Surrounding the shaft 30 is a fixed tumbler 31 comprising a hub 32 whichextends into the neck 5. A set screw 33 passes through the hub 32 andengages the tumbler shaft 30 and thus the tumbler 31 is fixed to thetumbler shaft. In the periphery of the tumbler 31 there is formed anotch 34, the tumbler carrying an upstanding pin 35. Journaled on thetumbler shaft 30 and located above the fixed tumbler 31 is a rotatabletumbler 36 provided with a hub 37 which spaces the tumbler 36 from thetumbler 31. The tumbler 36 is provided with a peripheral notch 38. Thetumbler 36 carries a depending pin 39 which co6perates with the pin 35and carries also an upstanding pin 40. 'Journaled on the tumbler shaft30 is a tumbler 41 provided in its periphery with a notch 42, thetumbler 41 being provided with a hub 43 which extends upon both sides ofthe disk portion of the tumbler and serves to space the tumbler inquestion from the tumbler 36. A pin 44 projects downwardly from the diskportion of the tumbler 41 and is adapted to coiiperate with the pin ofthe tumbler 36. At this point it may be stated that the brake springs 14bear against the peripheries of the movable tumblers 41 and 38 and holdthe same against rotation, saving when these tumblers are forciblyturned through the interengagement between the pins above referred to.

Surrounding the tumbler shaft 30 and located in the neck 5 is a primaryring 45 pro vided with notches 46. Any number of notches 46 may be madein the primary ring, seven notches being shown. Surrounding the tumblershaft 30 and located in the neck 35 is a secondary ring 47 which may beprovided with three notches 48. The adjacent faces of the rings 45 and47 are ribbed as indicated at 49, or are otherwise roughened so thatwhen the rings are pressed together, they will not rotate independently.

In the part 2 of the case 1 there is a transverse opening 50 into whichis threaded or otherwise secured a bushing 51 constituting a mountingfor a slidable pin 52 pressed outwardly by a spring 53, one end of whichabuts against a suitable projection upon the pin the other end of whichabuts against the base of the opening 50. The pin 52 is located oppositeto the primary ring 45 and is adapted to cotiperate with the notchestherein. A pin 54 of similar construction, and similarly mounted iscarried by the part 3 of the lock case 1 and coijperates with thenotches 48 of the secondary ring 47.

The outer end of the tumbler shaft 30 is threaded as indicated at 57 toreceive a nut 55 having a tubular extension 56 which projects into theneck 5 and is journaled therein. The inner end of the extension 56 ofthe nut bears against the ring 47 and presses the ring 47 against thering 45, the ring 45 being pressed against the hub 32 of the fixedtumbler 31, the serrated surfaces 49 of the rings preventing independentrotation between the rings. The nut 55 is held in place by set screws 58which engage the tumbler shaft 30 and the nut is provided with anexterior flange 59 rotatably received in the superficial recess 6, theflange 59 be ing provided with a dial 6O coiipera'ting with a dial 61inscribed upon the end face of the lock case 1 as will be understoodfrom Fig. 4.

In order to aline the notches 34, 38 and 42 of the tumblers 31, 36 and41, the tumbler shaft 30 is rotated in opposite directions by means ofthe nut 35, the combination being read off on the dials and 61. The pin35 on the fixed tumbler 31 cotiperates with the pin 39 on the movabletumbler 36 andthe pin 40 on the tumbler 36 cotiperates with the pin 44on the tumbler 41 and thus the notches 34, 48 and 42 may be lined up.There is nothing novel in the foregoing operation and the same will beunderstood readily by those skilled in the art.

After the notches 34, 38 and 42 have been lined up as above described,the shackle 18 is lifted and rotated, so that the short arm 20 of theshackle no longer is engaged in the seat 9. When the shackle '18 islifted, the slot 22 in the long arm 19 of the shackle is disengaged fromthe projection 11 and when the shackle is rotated, the lower end of thearm 19 rests upon the projection 11, the parts then appearing as shownin Fig. 1. When the shackle 18 is lifted, the detent 23 with the notches46 in the ring rotating will be swung upon the pivot stud 15, owing tothe fact that the extremity of the arm 25 'blers are in alinement, thesegrooves will rearm 24 of the deceive the inner edge of the be distent23, permitting the shackle '18 to posed in the open position shown inFig. 1.

In order to lock the shackle 18, the same is rotated until the end ofthe short arm 20 is above the seat 9, the slot 22 in the arm 19 beinglined up with the projection 11 to receive the same, and the shacklemoving inwardly, under the action of the spring 28 which exerts a thedetent 23. By this operation of the spring 28, the arm 24 of the detent23 will be swung laterally out of engagement with the alined notches 34,38 and 42. Then, by rotating the tumbler shaft 30 through the medium ofthe nut 35, the notches 34, 38 and 42, or one of them, may be moved outof alinement with the edge of the arm 24 of the detent 23 and thus theshackle 18 will be held in a locked position.

The combination may be changed by loosening the set screw 33 andbyrotating the tumbler 31 to a new position on the tumbler shaft 30. Attimes, notably when the lock is manipulated in a dark place, the dials60 and 61 cannot be observed. Then, the combination desired may beeffected through the medium of the pins 52 and 54, the pins beingpressed inwardly to co6perate, respectively, 45 and with the notches 48in the ring 47, the tumbler shaft 30 being rotated by means of the nut55, the operator countlng the number of times which each pin pulsates,as the same moves into and out of the notches in the rings, the springs53 serving to hold the pins retracted out of the notches in the ringsunder normal conditions.

The combination afiorded by the rings 47 and 45 may be changed byloosening the set screws 58 and by rotating the nut 55 on the threadedend 57 of the tumbler shaft 30, thus setting the rings 45 and 47 free,so that they may be shifted circumferentially on the tumbler shaft 30,whereupon, the rings may be bound in their adjusted positions by the nut35 until the rings are clamped between the nut and hub 32 of the tumbler31.

One important feature of this invention resides in the fact that thescrew '16 which holds the parts 2 and 3 of the case 1 together, can beremoved only when the shackle 18 is in an open position. When theshackle is in a closed position, the under edge of the arm 25 of thedetent 23 bears against the fiat side 17 of the screw 16, and thus arotation of the screw is rendered impossible. So

thrust against the arm 25 of I soon, howeveryas'the parts are positionedas shown in Fig. 1, the screw 16 is'setv free, and

may be rotated readilyto eflect a separation of the parts of the case 1.I

f Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is i 1. In a padlook, a case operating parts; a removable element engag-' comprisingcoing the case parts to hold the same together;

a shackle carried by the case; and movable p means for locking theshackle .in a closed position, said means engaging the removable elementindependently of the shackle to hold the same in the case when theshackle is'in a closed position.

2. In a pad lock, a case comprising oooperating parts;a screw unitingthe case parts and having a flat side; aj shackle carried by the case;and means for holding the shackle in a closed position, said meansengaging the flat side of'the screw when the shackle is ina closedposition.

3. In a pad look, a case comprising cooperating parts; a removableelement engaging the case parts to hold the same together, a shacklecarried by the case; a tumbler journaled 1n the case; and a detentpivoted in the case and cotiperating with the tumbler and the shackle,the detent engaging the removable element to hold the same in the casewhen the shackle is in a closed position.

4. Ina pad lock, a case comprising cooperating parts; a screw connectingthe case parts and having a flat side; a shackle carried by the case; atumbler j ournaled in the case; a detent operating with the tumbler andthe shackle, the detent engaging the flat side of the screw when theshackle is in a closed position.

7 5. In a look, a case; a shaft journaled therein; a tumbler carried bythe shaft;

locking mechanism cosperating with the pivoted in the case andcotumbler; a pair of rings mounted on the shaft and provided withprojections; a nut threaded on the shaft and binding the rings betweenthe tumbler and the nut; and movable elements carried by the case, saidmovable elementsbeing accessible from the outside of the case andco'ciperating, respectively, with the projections on the rings.

6. In a lock, a case having a marking; a

shaft journaled therein; a nut mounted on r the shaft and having amarking coiiperating with the marking on the case to set off acombination; a tumbler on the shaft; a pair of rings bound between thetumbler and the nut and provided with projections; and movable membersmounted in the case and accessible from the outside of the case, saidmembers co5perating with the projections of the rings; and lockingmechanism 005perating with the tumbler. v

7. In a lock of the class described, case; a shaft journaled therein; atumbler carried -& 1,139,936

by the shaft; locking mechanism cooperatments accessible from theoutside of the case ing with the tumbler; rings upon the shaft andcooperating individually With the proand provided With interengagingelements jections of the respective rings. upon their abutting edgesWhich elements In testimony that I claim the foregoing 5 hold the ringsagainst relative rotation but as my own, I have hereto afliXed mysignapermit relative circumferential adjustment ture in the presence oftwo Witnesses.

of the rings When the rings are separated, MORRIS J. LOVETT. the ringshaving projections; means for Witnesses: holding the rings together tocause the inter- P. T. WEIST,

10 looking elements to coact; and movable ele- ALBERT BOURKE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington. D. C.

